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> Chemokine family proteins 
Chemokine network in the tumoral microenvironment immune response
Chemokines are small cytokines or signaling proteins secreted by cells. According to the number and arrangement of conserved L-Cysteine (C) at the N-terminal, chemokines can be classified into four classes: C, CC, CXC and CX3C. These chemokines signal through the seven-pass transmembrane chemokine receptor of G-protein coupling on the cell surface, which stimulate the cell directional migration. Homeostatic chemokines are constitutively expressed under physiological conditions and play a role in cell migration and homing, whereas inflammatory chemokines are rapidly secreted at sites of inflammation, thereby recruiting effector cells into inflamed tissues. Thus, chemokines play a central role in the development and homeostasis of the immune system and are involved in promoting the activation, differentiation, proliferation and apoptosis of immune cells and in all protective or destructive immune and inflammatory responses.
Furthermore, chemokine signaling and the chemotaxis of various cell populations also play a central role in the tumor microenvironment (TME). In the TME, many chemokines are released by immune cells, tumor cells and tumor-associated cells. These chemokines can change with time and space, attracting different types of tumor-promoting and anti-tumor immune cells. The migration of immune cells will further affect the progression and metastasis of tumors, and directly affect the immune response. Studies have revealed that chemokines have pleiotropic functions that affect anti-tumor immune responses and tumor progression. With this in mind, therapeutic strategies that utilize or target chemokines have been established over the past decade, leading to the testing of many new drug candidates in clinical trials. Notably, in chemokine-based therapies, chemokines are highly redundant in binding to receptors, the same receptor can bind to different chemokines, and vice versa. Therefore, only by simultaneously inhibiting chemokine and its receptor with the same physiological function can the therapeutic effect be healthier and lasts longer.
ACROBiosystems has developed a series of CC, CXC and CX3C subfamily chemokine proteins expressed by HEK293. The products are available in a variety of species and labels. In addition, based on the “FLAG” technology platform, we developed full-length chemokine receptor such as CCR5, CCR8, CXCR3, CXCR4, CXCR5, CXCR6, etc. which with high biological activity was verified by binding to antibody. Our recombinant chemokine family proteins can accelerate your scientific research and drug development programs.
Various molecules, species, and tags
High purity verified by SDS-PAGE
High structural homogeneity verified by SEC-MALS and DLS
High activity verified by ELISA/SPR
Highly stable and convenient for storage and transportation
| Molecule | Cat. No. | Species | Product Description | Preorder/Order |
|---|
The purity of Human CCL5, Fc Tag (Cat. No. CC5-H5251) is more than 85% and the molecular weight of this protein is around 71-96 kDa verified by SEC-MALS.
The mean peak Radius of VLP (Cat. No. CX3-H52P4) is 60-80 nm with more than 95% intensity as determined by dynamic light scattering (DLS).
Immobilized Biotinylated Human CCL1, His,Avitag (Cat. No. CC1-H82E9) at 1 μg/mL (100 μL/well) on streptavidin (Cat. No. STN-N5116) precoated (0.5 μg/well) plate can bind Human CCR8, Flag,His Tag with a linear range of 0.3-39 ng/mL (QC tested).
Immobilized Human CXCR5 Full Length Protein-VLP (Cat. No. CX5-H52P4) at 5 μg/mL (100 μL/well) can bind Monoclonal Anti-Human CXCR5 antibody, Human IgG4 | Human Kappa with a linear range of 1-78 ng/mL (QC tested).
Anti-CXCR3 antibody immobilized on CM5 Chip can bind Human CXCR3 Full Length Protein-VLP (Cat. No. CX3-H52P4) with an affinity constant of 60.9 nM as determined in a SPR assay (Biacore 8K) (Routinely tested).
Human CCR5, Flag,His Tag (Cat. No. CC5-H52D1) captured on CM5 chip via anti-His antibody can bind Anti-CCR5 antibody (Human IgG1) with an affinity constant of 0.0737 nM as determined in a SPR assay (in presence of DDM and CHS) (Biacore T200).
1. Kohli K, Pillarisetty V G, Kim T S. Key chemokines direct migration of immune cells in solid tumors[J]. Cancer gene therapy, 2022, 29(1): 10-21. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41417-021-00303-x.
2. Bule P, Aguiar S I, Aires-Da-Silva F, et al. Chemokine-directed tumor microenvironment modulation in cancer immunotherapy[J]. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2021, 22(18): 9804. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22189804.
3. Hughes C E, Nibbs R J B. A guide to chemokines and their receptors[J]. The FEBS journal, 2018, 285(16): 2944-2971.https://doi.org/10.1111/febs.14466.
4. Chow M T, Luster A D. Chemokines in cancer[J]. Cancer immunology research, 2014, 2(12): 1125-1131.https://doi.org/10.1158/2326-6066.CIR-14-0160.
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